Suspense Tropes: A Guide for Writers
by Mary Kole | Former literary agent, now a freelance editor, writing teacher, and IP/story developer for major publishers and creators.
Suspense fiction is a genre of literature that keeps readers on the edge of their seats, and suspense tropes are one way to accomplish this important goal. Suspense fiction is full of unexpected twists and turns, and often relies on suspense tropes to create conflict and keep pacing flowing. In this article, we’ll explore some of the most popular suspense tropes and how writers can use them to create tension in their stories.
Suspense Tropes: Characters
One of the most common suspense tropes is the “intelligent psychopath.” This trope is often used to create a sense of dread and fear in the reader. The psychopath is usually a character who is highly intelligent and manipulative, and often has a hidden agenda.
But they are necessary to the story, and the protagonist has no choice but to engage with them. They are often the antagonist of the story, and their actions drive the plot forward as his character stays one or two steps ahead. For the cornerstone classic that uses this trope, check out The Silence of the Lambs.
Another popular trope is the “irascible detective and his sidekick.” This trope is often used to create a sense of mystery and intrigue. The detective is usually a gruff, no-nonsense type who is determined to solve the case, while his sidekick provides comic relief and helps him along the way.
The “femme fatale” is another one of those popular suspense tropes that writers love to play with. This character type is often used to create a sense of danger and sexual tension. The femme fatale is usually a mysterious and seductive character who is involved in the crime or mystery at hand. She often uses her charm and wit to manipulate the other characters in the story.
The “broken character” is also popular in terms of suspense tropes, and this gets into elements of character backstory, character wound, and character need. This trope is often used to create a sense of unease and uncertainty. The protagonist is usually a damaged individual who is struggling to make sense of their life and the events that have taken place—readers may not learn their entire story until the end, but the character’s brokenness keeps everyone guessing.
Suspense Tropes: Other Elements
The “isolated locale” setting is also popular among suspense tropes. Locating your story in a remote place creates a sense of claustrophobia, dread, and story tension. The setting is usually an isolated location, such as a deserted island or a ramshackle cabin in the woods. This creates a sense of isolation and danger for the characters.
Among suspense tropes, you’ll also find the “closed circle of suspects” element. This trope is often used to create a sense of mystery and intrigue. The protagonist is usually trying to figure out who is responsible for the crime or mystery at hand. The suspects are usually all connected in some way, and the protagonist must figure out which one is the culprit.
The “oddly placed corpses” trope is also popular in suspense fiction. This trope is often used to create a sense of horror and dread. The corpses are usually found in strange places, such as a graveyard or a deserted building. This creates a sense of unease and fear for the reader. Depending on the subcategory of mystery, thriller, or suspense that you’re targeting, the horror level can be toned down or up.
Finally, the king of all suspense tropes is the ticking clock. Every suspense novel should have one (or more). The clock must be clearly and logically defined. It cannot be arbitrary or low stakes. This trope is often used to create a sense of urgency and tension. The protagonist is usually racing against the clock to solve the mystery or crime before it’s too late to prevent something bad from happening.
These are just a few of the popular suspense tropes that writers can use to create tension in their stories. By using these tropes, writers can create a thrilling and suspenseful story that will keep readers on the edge of their seats.
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